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Organic Light Emitting Diodes or OLEDs have change the way the world perceives flat display screens. This superior technology is used to manufacture OLED televisions with a thickness or should be say thinness of just about 3-4 mm. In 2002 OLED screens were first successfully used in small handheld devices like PDAs and mobile screens but now rigorous research is being conducted to find alternative uses of this amazing technology in diverse fields like home or aeroplane interior lighting.

So what are these Organic Light Emitting Diodes? Since long scientists have been aware of the electro-luminance property of organic particles but the attempts to utlize this property for developing devices were unsuccessful because of the need for high excitation electric current. But the experiment conducted by Kodak Scientist Dr Ching by using thin organic layers lying between two electrodes produced desired results and OLED was born in Eastman Kodak labs in 1987.

It is simple to understand how light is produced by organic crystals when electric current is applied. Usually two to three thin layers of organic polymer is sandwiched between substrate of any transparent material like glass or plastic and is connected to oppositely charged electrodes. The anode which is usually the positive terminal is responsible for holes ejection whereas electrons are produced by the negatively charged cathode. On applying voltage holes and electrons are ejected from respective conductors which meet in the organic layers and recombine resulting in the emission of light caused by their excitation. Only a voltage of about 10 volts is to be applied for the OLED phenomena to be seen.

OLEDs are basically divided into two major groups depending on the procedure used for manufacturing organic layer. In first case extremely small organic molecules are used for organic layer preparation the OLED are known as SMOLED or small molecular OLED. On the other hand when organic polymers are being used to develop organic film they are called as Polymer OLEDs.

Organic Light Emitting Diodes offer numerous benefits over LCD technology as OLEDs can easily be printed on any substrate using screen printing or inject printer thereby reducing the cost of any OLED device. OLEDs also come in a variety of shades and offer amazing brightness, gamut, and amazing contrast along with almost 180 degree view angle as OLED is capable of directly emitting lights. With a fast response time of just .01 ms, OLED technology has surely revolutionized the digital world. 

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